I created a similar solution, a roting form, several years ago in InfoPath.
The scenario weas efax distribution, attached to email as PDF documents.
Outlook rules would fire and the user could initiate the launch of the form, passing variables for subject, etc, and saving the attachment to disk.
The form would load the attachment, extract the text, and display it in the activex viewer for pdf.
They would select department and user to route to.
The form would generate a notification to the user and submit the data to SQL via the Qdabra Database Accelerator product.
Then the user could use text search to lookup and process these documents.
The only issue is people often want to access documents directly, seperate from the envelope.
Having the search and the files databased individually was nice in this case for additional uses.
So it is possible but you would need to look at the components and requirments.