Well, since SharePoint sits on top of SQL Server I would assume that it is no faster than SQL. However, given that SharePoint doesa LOT with SQL in terms of configuration, versioning, libraries, etc. I would have to guess that it is some significant percentage slower than SQL.
Then again, this is a comparison between apples and oranges. This is like asking the perf difference between a Chevy Big Block engine and a Car that has a Chevy Big Block engine in it.