You need to query for all the data for the location. Then, in the form, use logic, like rules, to determine whether there is any entry in the returned data that matches or overlaps the date range in the form. If you use a REST query for your list data, you would be able to query for a range, but a built-in InfoPath List data connection will only query on equivalence, not a range. That is, you could query for every thing for a location that stars on Jan 1 and ends Jan 9, but would miss anything inside those dates that didn't match exactly. If you are using SharePoint Online, I think a REST query will fail - that approach will only work if you are using on-prem, I think.
Hilary Stoupa
