I don't think thatt you can do this, but you can have different libraries for each department. in this approach you would create department specific submit data connections, have a Department dropdown control and then use a rule to set the submit connection based on the selected department
Another approach would be to publish your form as a content type, create department specific libraries, activate the content type in each library and have the users submit to the same library as they used to create the new form.
HTH
Dean