Okay so we've done a few more things and here is an update:
We started a brand new test server and copied the devilish form onto that machine, published it and got it approved and activated (seemingly) and all that but it still doesn't seem to be working properly. The form is in the Form Templates library, and is activated and properly connected to the form library we made for it (although it did NOT properly set up the columns in the library we told it to in the publishing steps in InfoPath). Furthermore, when you're in the form library and you click add document to start a new form, it opens IP Filler and wants you to open a local copy of the template instead of just opening the form in the browser. We have tried this on both IE 9 and Firefox. The only way that it seems to open in the SharePoint site is if you go to the Form Template library and click on the template itself, which to my knowledge will not be accessible to regular users. Then it opens in the browser and you can submit it and it goes to the other Form library we created. It also added an unsightly red link to the library at the top of the form though, and the custom code still gets an error when it tries to pull information from the database.
So here's a recap of our problems:
-We cannot create a new form directly from the form library, instead we must click on the form template itself in the Form Templates library. When I click on Add Document in the Form library, it opens IP Filler and wants me to open copy of the template. We want it to open in the browser.
-We have custom code that activates when you enter in a field a job number and it autopopulates two other fields with data from a SQL database. This functionality is NOT working anymore for whatever reason. Instead we get an error Log ID:5337.
We want to be able to have users fill out the form from the library and not have to go through any other links or open IP to fill out the form.
We're also not sure if this is a certification error. We have given the form Full Trust with a self-signed certificate, however our Dummies for SharePoint 2010 book says that we need a "trusted root certificate" from Verisign or similar company.
Help!