Assuming you're using the 2007 OM, you can use this code to get an XmlDocument containing the form's schema:
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.Load(Template.OpenFileFromPackage("myschema.xsd"));
once you've got that, you can search it using the XPath
//xsd:element[@name = 'fieldName'] to find the definition for a given field. It could require some tricky handling depending on the fields' datatypes and whether they have their own attributes, but it should be possible.
Best of luck!