Okay, after a Live Meeting, we solved this one.
First, qRules wasn't properly injected. I should have realized that from the screen shot that showed the Command still present after the form said it had submitted successfully. When qRules runs, it clears the command node. If I suspect that qRules needs to be re-injected, I usually try a simple command like GenerateGuid and see if it runs correctly.
We had to remove the code from the form, and re-inject qRules.
Then, the (no title) item was a bit of a red herring. Since qRules SubmitToSharePointList command actually handles the submitting of the data, there is no need to add a rule action to submit to your submit data connection to the Update List Items method.
Hopefully this additional info can help someone else who might get stuck!